Association Soccer - Wikipedia

This article is set the sport of association football. For different codes of soccer, see Football.

Association soccer, greater generally called certainly soccer or soccer,[a] is a group game performed with a round ball among two groups of eleven gamers. It is played by means of about 250 million players in over 2 hundred international locations and dependencies, making it the sector's maximum famous recreation. The sport is played on a rectangular discipline known as a pitch with a aim at every end. The item of the sport is to score more goals than the competition by using moving the ball beyond the intention line into the opposing purpose, commonly inside a time frame of 90 or extra minutes.

Football is played in accordance with a hard and fast of rules known as the Laws of the Game. The ball is sixty eight–70 cm (27–28 in) in circumference and referred to as the football. Theteams compete to get the ball into the other crew's purpose (among the posts and beneath the bar), thereby scoring a intention. Players are not allowed to touch the ball with arms or fingers at the same time as it's far in play, except for the goalkeepers within the penalty place. Players may additionally use any other part of their frame to strike or skip the ball, and mainly use their ft. The crew that ratings greater dreams at the quit of the sport is the winner; if each groups have scored an identical range of desires, both a draw is said or the sport is going into more time or a penalty shootout, relying on the format of the opposition. Each group is led with the aid of a captain who has handiest one legitimate obligation as mandated with the aid of the Laws of the Game: to symbolize their team in the coin toss previous to kick-off or penalty kicks.[four]

Football is governed across the world by way of the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: Fédération Internationale de Football Association), which organises World Cups for men and women every 4 years.[five] The guys's FIFA World Cup has taken region every 4 years considering 1930, with the exception of 1942 and 1946 tournaments, which had been cancelled because of World War II. Approximately a hundred ninety–200 country wide teams compete in qualifying tournaments within the scope of continental confederations for a place in the finals. The finals tournament is held every four years and includes 32 national teams competing over four weeks.[b] It is the maximum prestigious guys's soccer event in the international, and the most widely considered and followed sporting event inside the global, exceeding the Olympic Games. Similarly, the FIFA Women's World Cup has been played every four years on account that 1991, though football has been played with the aid of girls since it has existed. A document-breaking 1.12 billion viewers watched the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup in France.[6]

The maximum prestigious competitions in European club football are the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Women's Champions League, which magnetize an in depth television target audience throughout the arena. The final of the men's match has been, in current years, the maximum-watched annual carrying occasion in the global.[7] The pinnacle five European men's leagues are the Premier League (England), La Liga (Spain), Bundesliga (Germany), Serie A (Italy), and Ligue 1 (France). Attracting most of the sector's exceptional players, every of the leagues has a total wage price in excess of £six hundred million/€763 million/US$1.185 billion.[8]Name

Football is certainly one of a family of soccer codes, which emerged from various ball games played global since antiquity.

The time period soccer comes from Oxford "-er" slang, which turned into widespread at Oxford University in England from about 1875, and is thought to have been borrowed from the slang of Rugby School. The slang additionally gave upward push to rugger for Rugby soccer, fiver and tenner for a five-pound and ten-pound notice, and the now archaic footer for association football.[nine] The word soccer (which arrived at its very last form in 1895) became first recorded in 1889 in the sooner form of socca.[10]

Within the English-speakme global, association soccer is now commonly referred to as "football" within the United Kingdom, whereas humans commonly call it "football" in countries wherein other codes of football are widespread, which include Australia,[eleven] Canada, South Africa and the United States. A superb exception is New Zealand, wherein inside the firstdecades of the 21st century, below the have an impact on of international tv, "soccer" has been gaining occurrence, regardless of the dominance of different codes of football, namely rugby union, and rugby league.[12]History

Kicking ball video games arose independently a couple of times across more than one cultures. The Chinese competitive sport cuju (蹴鞠, literally "kick ball") resembles present day affiliation soccer.[14] Cuju players may want to use any a part of the body other than fingers and the reason changed into kicking a ball thru a gap right into a internet. During the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), cuju games have been standardised and rules had been hooked up.[15]

Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball video games.[16][17] An image of an episkyros participant depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens[thirteen] seems at the UEFA European Championship trophy.[18] Athenaeus, writing in 228 CE, referenced the Roman ball sport harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played concerning hands and violence. They all seem to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what's recognizable as current football.[15][19][20][21][22][23] As with pre-codified "mob soccer", the antecedent of all current soccer codes, those 3 games worried extra coping with the ball than kicking.[24][25]

Other video games included kemari in Japan and chuk-guk in Korea.[26][27] In North America, pasuckuakohowog changed into a ball sport played by the Algonquians; it was described as "almost identical to the type of folk soccer being performed in Europe on the identical time, wherein the ball become kicked via dreams".[28]

Association football in itself does not have a classical history.[18] Notwithstanding any similarities to other ball games performed round the sector FIFA has regarded that no ancient connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe.[29] The current regulations of affiliation soccer are based at the mid-nineteenth century efforts to standardise the broadly various varieties of football performed in the public schools of England. The records of soccer in England dates again to as a minimum the 8th century CE.[30]

The "Laws of the University Foot Ball Club" (Cambridge Rules) of 1856

The Cambridge guidelines, first drawn up at Cambridge University in 1848, had been in particular influential inside the improvement of next codes, inclusive of association soccer. The Cambridge guidelines had been written at Trinity College, Cambridge, at a meeting attended by way of representatives from Eton, Harrow, Rugby, Winchester and Shrewsbury colleges. They were not universally adopted. During the 1850s, many clubs unconnected to schools or universities have been shaped throughout the English-talking international, to play diverse sorts of soccer. Some came up with their own awesome codes of rules, most substantially the Sheffield Football Club, fashioned through former public faculty scholars in 1857,[31] which led to formation of a Sheffield FA in 1867. In 1862, John Charles Thring of Uppingham School also devised an influential set of policies.[32]

These ongoing efforts contributed to the formation of The Football Association (The FA) in 1863, which first met on the morning of 26 October 1863 on the Freemasons' Tavern in Great Queen Street, London.[33] The best college to be represented on this event became Charterhouse. The Freemasons' Tavern become the placing for five extra conferences between October and December, which finally produced the primary comprehensive set of policies. At the final meeting, the first FA treasurer, the representative from Blackheath, withdrew his club from the FA over the elimination of two draft policies at the preceding meeting: the first allowed for strolling with the ball in hand; the second for obstructing this kind of run by way of hacking (kicking an opponent within the shins), tripping and retaining. Other English rugby clubs accompanied this lead and did now not be a part of the FA and instead in 1871 fashioned the Rugby Football Union. The 11 last clubs, underneath the price of Ebenezer Cobb Morley, went directly to ratify the original 13 legal guidelines of the game.[33] These policies covered coping with of the ball by means of "marks" and the dearth of a crossbar, guidelines which made it remarkably much like Victorian policies soccer being advanced at that point in Australia. The Sheffield FA played via its personal guidelines till the 1870s with the FA soaking up some of its regulations until there has been little difference among the games.[34]

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